45331 Sigmoidoscopy and biopsy
Also known as: sigmoidoscopy with biopsy, flexible sig with biopsy
Sigmoidoscopy with tissue biopsy of sigmoid colon or rectum for histopathological analysis.
In Plain Language
tissue sample from lower colon; biopsy during lower bowel scope
Clinical Context
Performed to obtain tissue diagnosis of suspicious lesions, inflammatory changes, or persistent bleeding identified during sigmoidoscopic evaluation.
RVU Breakdown
| Work RVU | 1.11 |
| Total RVU | 1.11 |
Est. Medicare Payment
National estimate based on 2026 CMS PFS Conversion Factor ($33.40). Actual payment varies by locality (GPCI adjustment).
Billing & Documentation
As a surgical CPT code, proper documentation must include the operative report detailing the procedure performed, patient positioning, approach, findings, and any complications. This code has a 0-day global period, meaning pre- and post-operative E&M visits are billable separately on the same day. Ensure the diagnosis code (ICD-10) supports medical necessity for the procedure.
How This Code Compares
With a work RVU of 1.11, this code ranks in the 5th percentile among Surgery codes — 7.2x below the median (8.00). The highest wRVU in this category is 106.19.
Specialties
Frequently Asked Questions
What is CPT code 45331?
CPT 45331 (Sigmoidoscopy and biopsy) is a Surgery code. Sigmoidoscopy with tissue biopsy of sigmoid colon or rectum for histopathological analysis.
What is the wRVU value for CPT 45331?
The work RVU for CPT 45331 is 1.11. This code is primarily used by Colorectal Surgery, Gastroenterology, Pathology.
When is CPT 45331 used?
Performed to obtain tissue diagnosis of suspicious lesions, inflammatory changes, or persistent bleeding identified during sigmoidoscopic evaluation.
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CPT® is a registered trademark of the American Medical Association. Data sourced from CMS Physician Fee Schedule RVU26A. Descriptions, synonyms, and clinical context are original content by RVU Edge.